Analyze the relationship between the life and material of pneumatic ball valve. Because of the particularity of the pneumatic ball valve, the material is also an important factor affecting the function of the pneumatic ball valve, which largely affects the service life of the pneumatic ball valve. The heat treatment, solution treatment and elongation of different materials are the focus of the discussion. In the research on the deformation martensite content of SUS04 and SUS316S austenitic stainless steel pipes, before and after solution treatment and fatigue test, it is found that the higher the nickel content, the less the martensite content; The solution treatment significantly reduced the content of martensite, and the content of trough deformation martensite phase significantly increased after fatigue loading. In the discussion of Inconel 625, a common material for pneumatic ball valves, scholars discussed the reasonable application temperature of the material, and pointed out that when the pneumatic ball valve is used under ultra-high temperature conditions, appropriate measures should be taken to reduce its operating temperature, To ensure good lasting mechanical function and fatigue function. During the discussion on the influence of elongation of different materials on the forming rate of pneumatic ball valves, some scholars pointed out the conditions for easy forming of pipes, providing a scientific basis for the planning and material selection of pneumatic ball valves. For the research on the function of pneumatic ball valve in recent years, whether it is stiffness, stability, fatigue, vibration, etc., the finite element method has become an important method for the research on the function of all aspects of the pipe, and its accuracy has been verified through experiments, which provides an important reference basis for the research, and has a great help for improving the function of pneumatic ball valve and increasing the service life.